litaba

Ho fetola matlalisebelisoa li sebelisoa haholo tlhahisong le bophelong, 'me ke karolo ea bohlokoa ea moralo oa lihlahisoa tsa elektroniki.Phepelo ea motlakase e nyane, e bobebe ebile e sebetsa hantle, empa na ehlile u tlameha ho tseba phepelo ea motlakase e fetohang?Sengoliloeng sena se tla hlalosa moelelo oa phepelo ea motlakase le molao-motheo oa ho fetola phepelo ea motlakase ka botlalo ho u thusa ho ntlafatsa phepelo ea motlakase.
Taba ea pele, ke eng e ka fetolang matla a motlakase.
Ho fetola matla a motlakase ke tšebeliso ea lisebelisoa tsa ho fetola (tse kang li-elektronike li-tubes, li-transistors tsa tšimo, thyristor thyristors, joalo-joalo), ho ea ka loop ea ho laola, likaroloana tsa ho fetola lintho li lula li hokahane le ho tima.
Motlakase oa ho fetola o amana le matla a motlakase.Seteishene sa hae sa plug-in hang-hang se fetolela mochini o lokisang oa AC hore e be phepelo ea motlakase ea DC, ebe, tlasa ts'ebetso ea potoloho ea maqhubu a phahameng a resonant, a sebelisa sesebelisoa sa motlakase ho theola phepelo ea matla a AC ho hlahisa motlakase o phahameng oa maqhubu. .Ka thuso ea inductor (coil ea transformer), motlakase o boreleli o tlaase oa DC o hlahisoa.Hobane tlhaloso ea mantlha ea transformer e fapane ka tsela e fapaneng le mithara ea lisekoere ea matla a hlahisoang, ho phahama ha maqhubu, ho fokotseha ha motheo oa transformer.Sena se ka fokotsa haholo transformer le ho nolofatsa boima ba kakaretso le molumo oa phepelo ea motlakase.'Me, hobane hang-hang e qhekella DC, mofuta ona oa phepelo ea motlakase o sebetsa hantle haholo ho feta matla a motlakase.Sena se boloka matla a motlakase mme ka hona se tumme haholo ho rona.Empa e boetse e na le phoso.Potoloho ea phepelo ea motlakase e rarahane, tlhokomelo e thata, 'me tšilafalo ea tikoloho ea potoloho ea phepelo ea motlakase e batla e tebile.Phepelo ea motlakase e lerata, 'me ha ho bonolo ho sebelisa li-circuits tsa phepelo ea motlakase tse lerata le tlase.
Motlakase oa mohala o qala ho fokotsa bophahamo ba motlakase oa AC ho latela transformer, ebe o fumana motlakase o le mong oa DC ho latela mochini o lokisang borokho, ebe o fumana motlakase oa DC o nang le motlakase o monyane oa ripple ho latela sefa.E le ho finyella hantle motlakase oa DC o phahameng ka ho fetisisa, hoa hlokahala ho hlahisa tube ea Zener ho ea ka potoloho ea phepelo ea matla e laoloang.
Ea bobeli, molao-motheo oa ho fetola phepelo ea motlakase.
Ts'ebetso eohle ea ts'ebetso ea phepelo ea motlakase e batlang e le bonolo ho e utloisisa.Ka matla a motlakase, etsa hore marang-rang a matla a phallo a sebetse.Ho fapana le lisebelisoa tsa motlakase tse tsamaeang ka mohala, phepelo ea motlakase e fetohang ea PWM e boloka li-tubes tsa motlakase li tima le ho tima.Maemong ana a mabeli mona, katoloso ea volt-ampere e kenyellelitsoeng holim'a tube ea matla a tsoang e nyane haholo (voltage e tlase mme ea hajoale e kholo ha e tima; motlakase o phahame mme hona joale o nyane ha o tima. ) / volt-ampere ka sesebediswa sa elektronike sa matla Ho atisa ha mapheo a sebopeho ke tshenyo ho dikarolo tsa semiconductor tsa matla.
Ha ho bapisoa le phepelo ea motlakase ea mohala, sehokelo sa ts'ebetso se utloahalang haholoanyane sa phepelo ea motlakase ea PWM se phetheloa ho latela inverter, 'me motlakase oa DC o lokelang ho kenngoa o khaoloa ka har'a pulse voltage e le 'ngoe eo boleng ba eona ba amplitude bo lekanang le boleng ba amplitude ea motlakase. .
Ea boraro, melemo le mathata a ho fetola phepelo ea motlakase:
Melemo e ikhethileng ea phepelo ea motlakase: boholo bo nyane, boima bo bobebe (bophahamo le boima bo felletseng ke 20 ~ 30% feela ea phepelo ea motlakase), ts'ebetso e phahameng (ka kakaretso 60 ~ 70%, ha phepelo ea motlakase e le 30 ~ 40% feela). , matla a ho kena-kenana le matla a matla, tšireletso ea motlakase e pharalletseng, moralo oa modular.
Litšitiso tse khethehileng tsa phepelo ea matla a ho fetoha: hobane potoloho ea rectifier e baka matla a maqhubu a phahameng, e na le tšusumetso e itseng litsing tse potolohileng.Tšhireletšo e botse le motheo o swanetše go hlokomelwa.
Hona joale AC e ka feta ho rectifier ho fumana matla a DC.Joalo ka ha motho e mong le e mong a tseba, ka lebaka la phetoho ea motlakase oa AC le mojaro oa hona joale, motlakase oa DC o fumanoang ka mor'a rectifier hangata o baka phetoho ea voltage ea 20% ho isa ho 40%.E le hore u fumane motlakase o tsitsitseng oa DC o tsitsitseng, etsa bonnete ba hore u sebelisa potoloho ea phepelo ea motlakase ho tlatsa tube ea zener.Ho ea ka mekhoa e fapaneng ea ho phethela, phepelo ea motlakase ea li-voltage regulator e ka aroloa ka mefuta e meraro: phepelo ea motlakase ea li-linear voltage regulator, phepelo ea motlakase e laoloang ke mohato le phepelo ea motlakase ea li-switching.Ho fetola phepelo ea motlakase ho bolela mokhoa oa nts'etsopele ea ts'ireletso ea tikoloho e tala le phepelo e ntle ea motlakase.
Ntlha ea bone, mathata a tloaelehileng ha u khetha phepelo ea motlakase e fetohang.
(1) Khetha mofuta o nepahetseng oa tlhahiso ea motlakase oa motlakase;
(2) Khetha matla a hlahang a loketseng.E le ho ntlafatsa bophelo ba phepelo ea motlakase, o ka khetha mohlala o nang le matla a lekantsoeng a fetang 30%.
(3) Ho nahanela litšobotsi tsa mojaro.Haeba mojaro e le enjene, tleloubu ea lebone kapa mojaro oa capacitor, 'me ea hajoale e batla e le kholo nakong ea ts'ebetso, phepelo e nepahetseng ea matla e lokela ho khethoa ho thibela mojaro.Haeba mojaro e le enjene, phetoho ea motlakase nakong ea ho koala e lokela ho nahanoa.
(4) Ho feta moo, mocheso oa ts'ebetso oa phepelo ea motlakase le hore na o na le lisebelisoa tse ngata tse thusang tsa ho pholisa le tsona li lokela ho nahanoa.Phepelo e feteletseng ea ho lemoha mocheso e tlameha ho fokotsa tlhahiso.Sekhahla sa matla a ho fokotsa mocheso.
(5) Mesebetsi e fapaneng e tlameha ho khethoa ho latela ts'ebeliso:
Mesebetsi ea tlhokomelo: Tšireletso e Felletseng ea Voltage (OVP), Tšireletso ea Mocheso (OTP), Tšireletso ea Over Voltage (OLP), joalo-joalo.
Mesebetsi ea ts'ebeliso: ts'ebetso ea lets'oao la data (kabo e tloaelehileng ea matla, kabo ea motlakase e fosahetseng), ts'ebetso ea taolo ea remoutu, ts'ebetso ea ho beha leihlo, ts'ebetso ea khokahano e bapileng, jj.
Likarolo tse Ikhethileng: Tokiso ea Power Factor (PFC), Matla a Tsoelang Pele (UPS)
Khetha litlhoko tse hlokahalang tsa ts'ireletso le netefatso ea ts'ebetso ea EMC (EMC).